When the lipid bilayer is compromised, the parts of the cell that are supposed to be inside start to spill outside. This causes a cascade of warning alarms that disrupt nearby neighboring cells.

When there is too much water outside the cell, it creates hypoosmotic stress. The cells begin to swell as water floods through the cell membrane. When there is too little water, that is called hypertonic stress. Water rushes out of the cell and it shrivels up. Betaine has been observed to help maintain a balanced, isotonic environment.

When fruit is left exposed to oxygen, they visibly change due to the shifting of electrons from oxidation. Your cells are no different.

As we age, it becomes harder for our cells to use energy properly. Adding fuel to power the furnace of our mitochondria makes sense from a basic standpoint. Scientists are still exploring why adding certain components of the Krebs Cycle have a more profound effect on biological age than others. Although more research needs to be done, there seems to be a general consensus that Alpha-ketoglutarate is the mitochondrial fuel with the most potent anti-aging effects.

Thousands of genes are implicated in the process of ageing. Many genes are interconnected. Elevating one gene will either raise or lower another. These complex webs are difficult to untangle, and only through observation of the final impact on healthspan and lifespan can we begin to grasp the importance of individual genes.

At a pH near tomato juice, Muse 28 supports a healthy skin microbiome. If you have been using other skincare products, be sure to check them with a pH test strip. It should be slightly acidic.

We aim to supplement common vitamin and mineral deficiencies, with daily use in mind. We only add what is necessary. When too much of a particular vitamin or mineral is applied, the resulting imbalances can have negative consequences.